wholesale blue butterfly jewelry Who knows how to play Etherie International Space. How to trade in EIS currency

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  1. china wholesale findings jewelry Now we all pay attention to issues about Ethereum, so how to trade Ethereum? I think we should all want to know some content, so let's introduce a lot of introduction here for everyone. The content is about how Ethereum trades? Ethereum's transaction is the most intuitive explanation: messages from an account sent from external accounts to another account on the blockchain and data packets signed.

    The content includes the following content:
    The signature of the sender
    The address of the receiving n transferred digital currency quantity and other content
    Payment fees are different from Bitcoin with Bitcoin to pay a certain transaction fee, and this link is fixed on Ethereum, so this indirect understanding is a kind of security precaution in Ethereum, which prevents a lot of meaningless transactions, and ensures that it must be sure that it must be certain. The safety of security, especially the creation, execution, and calls of smart contracts require consumption costs, then it also ensures the stability of the entire system and prevents meaningful malicious behaviors on the chain.
    The transaction fee
    The core of Ethereum is EVM, Ethereum virtual machine, so the byte code executed in EVM must be paid. That is, the concepts of Gas, Gas Limit, and Gas Price that are often seen.
    gas: Literal understanding is gasoline. Ethereum requires gas to run like daily cars. GAS is a basic unit consumed during the transaction. One list can intuitively see the GAS consumption operated in Ethereum:
    The default expenses of the execution cycle of the execution cycle of the execution cycle of the GAS operating GAS.
    stop0 termination operation is free.
    -nuicide0 Internal data storage space of the smart contract account. When the contract account calls the Suicide () method, the value will be placed to NULL.
    SHA320 plus decryption
    sload20 to obtain
    sstore100 into a fixed memory in a fixed memory
    BALANCE20 account balance
    create100 contract
    call 20 initialization r r r r r
    Memory1 The cost of additional payment of memory
    txdata5 During the data or every byte of the encoded, the transaction fee
    Contract is currently adjusted from 21000 to 53000
    Personally, I think that blockchain technology is de -intermediary and does not require a central server. This development model is relatively cheap, but in fact, the development of blockchain is not cheaper than the traditional software development before.
    gas price: Literally understanding gasoline prices, this is like you go to the gas station, what price is 95#gasoline today. A Gas Price is the unit price, then your transaction cost = Gas*Gas Price, and then Ether coin to Ether to spend. Of course, you don't think I want to pay the fee. You can set up the Gas Price to 0, but the right to choose in the hands of the miners, the miner has the right to choose to collect transactions and collect fees, so the simplest think of it can make it difficult for a miner to receive a price low price very low. Transaction. In addition, the GAS Price defaults to Ethereum is 1WEI.
    gas limit: Literal understanding is the limit of the GAS. The limit is necessary. If there is no restriction, there is no constraint. This Gas Limit has two meanings. First of all, for a single transaction, then the initiator of this transaction he is willing to pay at most is how much GAS. The initiator of this transaction needs to be set up when initiating the transaction. Another is the Gas Limit of the block, and a separate block also has GAS restrictions.
    I assume that several scenes are used to explain the use of GAS:
    The user settings GAS Limit, then during the transaction, if your actual GAS userd
    The user sets the Gas Limit, then the transaction process If your actual Gas used> Gas Limit, then the miners must find that your gas is not enough, and this transaction cannot be executed. After this, it will be rolled back to the state before execution. At this time Essence
    GAS Limit in the block, there is a GAS upper limit in the block, and the storage transaction will have different users specified in the Gas Limit. Then the miners will choose according to the GAS Limit limited by the block, and "reasonably" choose to pack the transaction.
    S specific transactions
    The transaction on Ethereum can be a simple transfer of Ether coins, and at the same time, it can be a code message of a smart contract. List a form to see the specific content of the transaction:
    code content
    from transaction initiator's address, cannot be empty, and the source is not unreasonable.
    TO transaction receiver's address (this can be empty, when it is empty, it is the creation of a contract)
    value transferred to the number of Ether coins
    Data data fields. When this field exists, it means that the transaction is a transaction created or a transaction that calls smart contracts
    gas limit literally. This Gas Limit has two meanings. First of all, for a single transaction, then the initiator of this transaction he is willing to pay at most is how much GAS. The initiator of this transaction needs to be set up when initiating the transaction. Another is the Gas Limit of the block, and a separate block also has GAS restrictions.
    gas price a Gas Price is the unit price, then your transaction fee = gas*gas price, and then Ether to Ether to expend. Ethereum's default Gas Price is 1WEI.
    NONCE is used to distinguish the user's logo.
    hash transaction ID is a Hash value generated by the above information
    R, S, V transaction signature signature, and the transaction initiator signatures for Hash.
    The transaction is divided into three types
    Turning transfer: The simple and clear Ethereum transfer on Ethereum is similar to Bitcoin. A transfer to B to B a certain number of Ether coins. This transaction includes: the number of transactions, the number of receivers, and value, and the rest are similar to Gas Limit, Hash, Nonce, and will be generated by default. So you will see a piece of code:
    web3.eth. ({From: "transaction initiator address", to: "transaction receiver address", value: quantity}); Smart contracts are to deploy smart contracts on the blockchain, so to be an empty field at this time. The Data field is the code of initialization contracts. So see the code:
    web3.eth. ({From: "transaction initiator address", data: "controlt binary code"}); Then execute is the address that will be executed by the to intelligent contract, and then the data field will specify the transfer method and parameter transfer of the call, so see the code:
    Web3.etH. ({From: "transaction initiator address ", to:" Contract Executive Address ", Data:" Call the method and parameters of the parameters "});
    is roughly the type of transaction.
    The confirmation of transactions
    The same as Bitcoin. After the transaction of Ethereum requires subsequent block confirmation, the node can be confirmed after synchronization. A simple understanding is to dig out more blocks. After verification, this transaction is confirmed. Ethereum often has congestion, so sometimes you need to wait for confirmation.
    This transfer, contract transaction transfer
    The first transaction initiator A initiates a transfer transaction, so the format sent is as follows:
    code of the code of the code The address of the transaction receiver
    Value transferred the amount of the number of ether in Ethereum
    gasgas
    gas pricegas unit price
    Data sent to the receiver
    nonce transaction number
    node verification verification: In the Ethereum network, there will be a message from the node receiving A, so it will be valid when checking the message format, and then calculate the Gas Limit. At this time, go back to verify A's Ethereum balance. If the balance is insufficient, then the error is returned and will not be processed. Once the message sent by A passes the verification of the node, the node will put this transaction in the transaction storage pool. And broadcast to the blockchain network.
    Miner verification: Then write the blockchain must be packed. The miners will pack a part with other transactions when they receive a transaction issued by A. The local EVM goes to execute the called contract code, and check the consumption of GAS during the code execution process. Once GAS is consumed, then roll back, if GAS is enough to return excess GAS. And broadcast to the blockchain network.
    See nodes: Repeat node verification steps, and then the contract will perform verification on the local EVM. Synchronize the blockchain after verification.
    First of all, the initiator A initiates a transaction request to create a smart contract. The format is as follows:
    Code specific content
    from transaction initiator's address
    to0
    value transferred to the number of Ethereum
    gasgas
    gas pricegas, the unit price
    data contract Code
    NONCE transaction number
    Nodes Verification:
    The news from the Ethereum network will receive the message sent by A, check whether the transaction is valid, the format is correct, and verify the signature of the transaction. Calculate the GAS, determine the address of the initiator, and then query the balance of the A account of the Ethereum. If the balance is insufficient, then the error is returned and will not be dealt with. Once the message sent by A passes the verification of the node, the node will put this transaction in the transaction storage pool. And broadcast to the blockchain network.
    Miner verification:
    The miners packed the transaction, so they will create contract accounts according to the transaction fee and contract code, and deploy contracts in the account space. Here is the contract address (the address of the smart contract account is the input of the initiator's address and the random number of the transaction, and then generates through the encryption algorithm). After the transaction is confirmed, the address of the smart contract will be returned to A. And broadcast to the blockchain network.
    The remaining nodes:
    Repeat node verification steps, verify the block, update A's smart contract transaction in the memory pool of the node, synchronize the blockchain, and the smart contract is deployed in its own local blockchain Essence

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